Photographic typographical composing machine



p 1956 R. M CHESNEY PHOTOGRAPHIC TYPOGRAPHICAL COMPOSING MACHINE 4Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed July 5, 1952 FIG 1 R E T B G E R s mw fin m my @I CM w R .P'ILQ' E Sept. 11, 1956 R. M CHESNEY PHOTOGRAPHIC TYPOGRAPHICALCOMPOSING MACHINE Filed July 5, 1952 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 FIE' INVENTOR. R0y Me CHESNEY 6W 7 A TTORNEYS Sept. 11, 1956 R. MCCHESNEY 2,7

PHOTOGRAPHIC TYPOGRAPHICAL COMPOSING MACHINE Filed July 5, 1952 4Sheets-Sheet 3 Fullslum INVENTOR. Fay Me CHESA/EY Arron/vars Sept. 11,1956 R. M CHESNEY PHOTOGRAPHIC TYPOGRAPHICAL COMPOSING MACHINE FiledJuly 5, 1952 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR. Roy Mc CHESA/EY ArroR/vEysUnited States Patent 2,762,277 PHOTOGRAPHIC TYPOGR HICAL COMIOSING Thisinvention relates to printing machines and particula'r'ly to machinesfor composing and photographically printing various characters in astraight line.

The primary object of my invention is to provide a typographic composingmachine for making printed copy of display type or characterscharacterized by intermittent movement of a character bearing filmelement over a sensitized material and 'photoprinting said characters ina predetermined order upon said material.

Another object of my invention is to provide a means for adjusting thefilm element and locking it in a position relative to the sensitizedmaterial prior to the printing of each'ch'aracter whereby all thecharacters will be printed in a straight line.

Still another object of my invention is to provide a photographic typecomposing machine having an improved means for providing the properspacing between the various type characters composed.

Still anotherobject of the invention is to provide a new and improvedcharacter bearing film element for use in a photographic typographiccomposing machine which element carries indicia relative to the width ofeach character thereon whereby the characters may be properly spaced asthey are composed regardless of the variance in their respective widths.

In carrying out these and still further objects, my invention broadlycomprises a machine having a photoprinting compartment, 21 film stripbearing a plurality of letters or characters, said strip running throughsaid compartment and having a winding means associated therewith wherebyany selected letter or character thereon may be moved into saidcompartment, a strip of sensitized material, such as photographyprinting paper, said strip also running through said compartment andlying under the film strip whereby the characters may be printedthereon, means for adjusting the-film strip so that the selectedcharacter to be printed is always in the same positionrelative tothesensitized strip crosswise whereby all characters will be printed inalignment, means for moving said sensitized strip the proper distanceafter each printing whereby the desired character spacing may be 55efiected, said means including indicia on the film strip relative to thesize of each character.

My machine is particularly significant in the assembly of lettersofdisplay type size into Words for use in pasteups such as used in themake-up of advertising material and the like. Using a photographicprocess printing the various letters from a single character bearingelement, the need for type assembling and sorting mechanism iseliminated. Furthermore it is possible for small printing shops oradvertising departments to assemble their own paste-ups regardless ofthe point size of the letters or characters desired, as a whole alphabetor alphabets of letters may be inexpensively purchased and keptavailable for use.

The above mentioned and still further objectives will be brought tolight during the course of the following 2 specification, referencebeing made to the accompanying drawings, in which- Fig. 1 is a plan viewof the machine with parts of its top cover removed or broken away toclearly show the operating mechanism.

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the viewing tube showing the letter H inprinting position.

Fig. 3 is an end elevation of the machine.

Fig. 4 is a transverse vertical section taken on the line 44 in Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a longitudinal vertical section of the machine taken on theline 55 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 6 is an enlarged detail section of the gear reduction mechanismused in operation of the printing paper reel and taken on line 66 ofFig. 5.

Fig. 7 is a longitudinal vertical section of the machine taken on line7-7 of Fig. l and showing the film strip winding apparatus.

Referring now more particularly to the drawings and using referencecharacters to denote like parts in the different figures, the machine ismounted on a flat rectanguiar base It and is enclosed by a housinghaving side walls 11, end walls 12, and a top cover 13, having a -hingedcenter section 14 the purpose of which will be later described. Pairs ofparallel longitudinal walls 15 and cross walls 16 are mounted on thebase respectively connecting the end and side walls of the housing andserve to support the various parts of the machine mechanism, now to bedescribed, within the housing. A flat block 17 is supported between thewalls 15 at their longitudinally central portions to lie on a horizontalplane (Fig. 7) and a plate member 18 lies directly thereabove across theupper edges of said walls, being attached to the walls as by woodscrews1?. This plate presents a printing platform at the center of the housingwhich will hereinafter be referred to as the table.

leferring now to Figs. 1 and 7 the character bearing strip and itsoperating mechanism will be described. A shaft 26 extends on atransverse horizontal axis through the walls 15 and out through a sidewall 11 being journaled for rotation in the various bearing members 21mounted in the shaft supporting walls. Shaft 20 is provided at itsexposed end with a crank handle 22 for manual rotation of the shaft fromoutside the machine housing. A film winding reel or sprocket 23 carryinga concentric chain sprocket 24 is keyed to the shaft at a point betweenthe walls 15. A similar film reel 25 also concentrically carrying achain sprocket such as 26 is mounted on a spindle 27 having its endsjournaled for rotation near the opposite end of walls 15 and a sprocketchain 28 connects the sprockets 24 and 26 so that operation of handle 22will cause the two reels to turn simultaneously in the same directionand at the same speed in a manner well known in the art. Walls 16 do notpass between the longitudinal walls 15 and accordingly the space betweenthe two reels is clear for passage of the sprocket chain.

In order that the invention might be more easily described andunderstood, I will hereinafter refer to the end of the machine bearingshaft 20, or the lower portion in Fig. 1, as the front or forwardportion of the machine and the opposite end, or upper portion in Fig. 1,as the back or rear portion of the machine and all terms relating toforward or rearward position or direction will be used with thisorientation in mind.

An auxiliary housing, smaller than the main enclosure, having side walls30, a front wall 32 and cover 29, together with rear end wall 12,encloses various parts of the machine lying above the plane of top cover13 and at generally the rear transverse central portion of the machine.Walls 15 extend upwardly into this area and jointly support for rotarymovement a transversely extending shaft 33, one end of which extendsoutwardly through a wall 30 and being provided with a turning handle 34.The opposite end of the shaft carries a disk 35 having spaced notches36, the purpose of which will be later described. A film sprocket 37 iskeyed to the shaft 33 at a place between the walls 15. Referringspecifically to Fig. 7 it will be seen that a strip of the printing filmA having perforated edges and bearing the various characters a to becomposed is wound on film reel 23, then extends upwardly over the table18, then over film sprocket 37 and down around reel 25. Roller 38 havingsprocket teeth receiving grooves 39 is loosely mounted tangent to thesprocket 37 to retain the film on the sprocket in a well known manner.Obviously as the handle 22 is manipulated to wind the film in either aforward or rearward direction shaft 33 and its keyed members 34, 35 and37 will be caused to rotate therewith.

The strip A is preferably a strip of conventional 35 mm. film bearingtransparent characters a, such as the letters of the alphabet. Thesecharacters are longitudinally spaced on the film and adjacent eachcharacter I provide indicia aa which indicates the printers point widthof the particular character.

A wall 31 is provided forward of and parallel to the front wall 32 ofthe auxiliary housing. These two walls form a printing compartment overthe table 18. A covering section 40 is hinged as at 41 for opening andclosing movement over the compartment and carries a centrally locatedviewing tube 42 through which the various characters may be viewed asthe strip A passes over table 18. When it is desired to print a certainletter the crank 22 is turned winding the strip A on its carrying reelsuntil the selected letter appears in through the viewing tube. Knob 34is then used to more accurately adjust the letter to the correctlyjustifiecl position for printing and the strip is locked in saidposition by a locking means acting upon the disk 35, said means to besubsequently described.

Referring to Fig. 4 the mechanism for supporting and moving a strip ofsensitized printing material, so as to receive images from the strip,will now be described. A spool 43 carrying a strip of sensitizedmaterial B is loosely mounted as by brackets 44 on and between thetransverse walls 16. Strip B is fed from the spool up over a filmsprocket 45 keyed to shaft 46 which is loosely journaled as in opposingbearings 47 in the walls 31 and 32 (Fig. 1). The shaft extends forwardlythrough wall 31 where it is provided with a turning knob 48. It will benoted that the strip B has perforated edges for uniform feeding bysprocket wheels in the same manner as the character bearing strip A.From the sprocket 45 the strip B runs in a groove 49 formed across theupper surface of the plate 18, said groove being only slightly widerthan the strip itself, and into a sprocket 50 at the other side of themachine. A pair of blocks 51 are mounted at the sides of plate or table18 to bridge the groove and hold the strip therein. Sprocket 50 is keyedto a hollow tubular shaft 52 journaled in bearings 53 in the walls 31and 32. From the sprocket 50 the strip runs down into a receivingcompartment 54 accessible through a door in housing side wall 11. Aloosely mounted spindle roller 55 cooperates with each of said sprocketsto hold the strip in engagement therewith.

A mechanism is provided for turning sprocket 50 so as to move the stripa predetermined distance. Referring to Fig. 5, that mechanism will nowbe described. Shaft 52 carrying the sprocket 50 extends forwardly beyondthe wall 31 and integrally carries a spur gear 56. A bracket 57 ismounted on wall 31 and rigidly supports a longitudinally forwardlyextending spindle 58. A spur gear 59, having a diameter equal to gear56, is disposed loosely on said spindle serving as an idle wheel andmeshes with gear 56. A driving shaft 60 is mounted above the spindle 58having one end journaled as at 61 in an end thrust bearing in the wall31 and being supported at its other end by a bracket 62 mounted on thecover 13. Forward of the bracket 62 the shaft 60 is provided with aturning knob 63 and loosely carries a graduated point numbering dial 64intermediate the knob and bracket, the purpose and a more exactdescription of which will be shortly set forth. A small diameteredpinion 65 is rigid on shaft 69 to mesh with gear 59. The gear ratiobetween pinion 65 and identical gears 56 and 59 is one to three. It willaccordingly be understood that turning of knob 63 one full revolutionwill rotate sprocket 50 one-third of a turn.

A spur gear 67 is also rigidly mounted on shaft 60 adjoining andconcentric with pinion 65. A collar 68 held on the shaft just insidebracket 62 by means of a set screw retains the shaft against endwisewithdrawal from bearing 61, and intermediate gear 67 and the member 68there is disposed a sleeve 69 freely rotatable relative to the shaft andhaving a diametrically reduced toothed pinion portion 70 at its rear endand an enlarged ratchet disk 71 at its front. Said disk 71 has aplurality of spaced V-notches 72 disposed about its periphery (Fig. 6).In my construction I have provided the disk with eight of such notches.On bracket 62 at a place above the shaft 60 a pawl arm 73 is pivotallymounted, as at 74, for swinging movement on a transverse plane. This armcarries a tumbler or roller pawl 75 adapted to roll along the peripheryof the member 71 at it spins and a weight 76 at its distal end to causethe roller to fall into each notch 72 as is passes. Spindle 58 to therear of gear 59 carries a speed increasing gear wheel 78 meshing withpinion 70 and having a reduced portion 79 which meshes with the gear 67.Wheel 78 in the present construction has the same diameter as members56, 59, and 67 while the portion 79 is diametrically equal to pinions 65and 70, the ratio between the two sizes being three to one. Aspreviously explained as knob 63 is rotated one full revolu tion the gearmechanism connecting shaft 69 and sprocket 50 provides for a one-thirdrevolution of the sprocket. At the same time it will now be seen thatthrough the gear members 67, 78 and 70 the sleeve 69 and its integraldisk will be revolved nine times.

Sprocket 50 which pulls the sensitized paper across the table 18 is aconventional sprocket used in the motion picture industry having acircumference of approximately three inches. There being a three to onerevolving ratio between shaft 60 and the sprocket shaft, it willaccordingly be understood that upon a complete revolution of the shaftthere will be a one-third revolution of the sprocket so as to move thepaper a total distance of one inch. At the same time disk 71 will havemade nine complete revolutions with roller pawl 75 falling into each ofthe eight notches 72, nine times or a total of seventytwo times. Thereare roughly seventy-two printers points to the inch. Accordingly eachtime knob 63 is rotated a sufficient amount to rotate disk 71 betweenseating en gagement with roller 75, the strip B will be advanced oneprinters point. Obviously the roller engaging one of the notches 72 doesnot positively lock the mechanism against further rotation. It doesretard the same momentarily, however, so that the operator of knob 63can feel the advancement of another point.

Referring now again to the dial 64, it will be noted that it is looseupon shaft 60, so that it may be freely rotated relative to the shaft byoperation of its crank handle 81. A coil spring 82 disposed between thedial and knob 63, however, bears against the dial causing it to rotatewith the shaft upon operation of knob 63. This frictional engagementbetween the knob 63 and dial is not strong enough, however, to causerotation of the shaft 60, its many afiiliated gears or sprocket 50 uponmere operation of the dial. The periphery of the dial is graduated intoseventy-two equally divided spaces with the graduations numbered, asshown, in a counter-clockwise direction around the dial. A cover 83 isprovided for the gear mechanism and a marker 84 is provided on the coverto indicate the point at the upper periphery of the dial on a verticallongitudinal plane with the axis of shaft 60.

Accordingly the strip B may be advanced a desired number of printerspoints by revolving the dial clockwise from its zero position until theappropriate point graduation registers with the marker 84, then rotatingsprocket operating knob 63 counter-clockwise turning the dial backwardto a point where the Zero line again registers with the marker.

With continued reference to Fig. 5, a needle shaft 85 extendslongitudinally of the machine through the hollow shaft 52. This shafthas a control knob 86 at one end thereof, located at the front of themachine and preferably below the knob 63. The rear end of the shaft isjournalled for oscillating movement in a bracket 87 mounted on thecasing near the rear of the machine. Control knob 86 is used to rotateshaft 85 between Release, Locking and Printing positions, Fig. 5 showingthe shaft in the Locking position. Intermediate bracket 87 and wall 32 apair of collars 88 and 89 are keyed to the shaft spaced apart by spacers90. Collar 89 has integrally affixed thereto a downwardly extendingrocker arm 91 (Fig. 4).

Referring now momentarily to the center table 18 whereupon the characterbearing strip A and sensitized strip B cross, it will be noted (Fig. 4)that a transparent pressure plate 92 is disposed loosely on the tablebetween the blocks 51. This plate is held against upward removal by fourbolts 93 having their heads integrally associated with a plate 94disposed below the table and extending upwardly loosely through thetable 18 and the four corners of the plate 92 where their distal endsare threaded with nuts 94. A coil spring 95 is disposed on each boltbetween the plate 94 and the bottom surface of the table 18 in such amanner as to urge the bolts downwardly and in turn the plate 92 againstthe top of the table. Plate 92 has its bottom surface formed to fitWithin the groove 49 in the table 18 so that when depressed under theaction of springs 95 it holds the strip A flatly against the material Bat their place of crossing on the table. A mask on plate 96 is disposedunder plate 92 having a transparent square area in its center to form aprinting frame. Means for raising plate 94 to free the plate 92 fromspring tension is provided in the form of a U-shaped lever member 98(Fig. 7) having its legs anchored in a rotatable shaft 99 journaledlongitudinally through block 17 with its bight portion extending overthe block. An L -crank 100 is secured as at 101 to the rear end of theshaft 99 with its angled end 102 pivotally connected with a link 103,the other end of which is pivoted at-104 to the free swinging end of arm91.

Referring now to Fig. 5 again the mechanism for positively locking disk35 and in turn the character bearing strip A will now be described. Itwill be noted that disk 35 is provided on its periphery with a pluralityof uniformly spaced radial notches 36. A pair of vertically spacedbrackets 105 and 106 are mounted on the wall 15, respectively, carryingvertically aligned slide bearings 107 and 108. A rod 109 is held in saidbearings for vertical sliding movement and has a catch blade 110 rigidlyafiixed to its upper end for locking engagement in the notches 36 ofdisk 35. A collar 111 is affixed to rod 109 intermediate the brackets asby a set screw and a coil spring 112 is disposed loosely around the rodbetween the bearing 108 and the collar to bias the rod upwardly and thecatch toward locking position. Above the collar 111 the rod carries aslidable sleeve 113. Pivotally afiixed to the sleeve is one end of astrap 114 which angles forwardly then upwardly for pivotal connection atits other end at 115 with the swinging end of rocker arm 116 on thecollar 88.

When the control shaft 85 is in locking position as shown in Figs. 5 and7, the arm 116 extends downwardly and inwardly from the shaft (Fig. 7).If the control knob is now turned in a clockwise direction to a Releaseposition, the downward swinging movement of arm 119 will causedepression of link 114 and sleeve 1 13 and the sleeve will move againstthe collar 111 to slide the rod downwardly in its bearings against thetension of spring 112. With this action catch 110 is withdrawn fromlooking engagement with disk 35 allowing the disk and its associatedreels and sprockets to be rotated.

As the rod 109 is depressed its lower end engages and presses the buttonon switch 117 mounted therebelow to close the electric circuit to a lampmounted within the housing and observable through the glass button 118located on the front right side of the cover (Fig. 1).

Also with the turning of control 86 to a Release position rocker arm 91is swung downwardly, swinging member 98 upwardly, raising plate 94,releasing plate 92 and allowing free movement of each of the strips Aand B over the printing table. When the machine is in this condition thevarious controls may be freely operated to bring the desired characterinto printing position.

A bracket 119 supports a second push button switch 129 on wall 15 at aplace to the rear of disk 35. Link 114 has fastened thereto, as at 121,a rearwardly projecting finger plate 122 extending beneath the contactbutton of the switch. If the shaft is turned by knob 86 in acounter-clockwise direction from the position shown in Fig. 5, or to aPrinting position, the arm 116 is caused to swing upwardly elevating thelink 114 and moving finger 122 against the switch button. So actuatedthe switch opens an electric circuit to exposure lamps 123 mounted overthe table in the printing compartment.

The wiring circuits to the exposure lamps 123 and to the release oroperating indicator 118 are connected to lead in wire 124 enteringthrough the rear wall of the housing as shown in Fig. l. I also providea character recognition light 125 having its socket mounted on the wall15, as best shown'in Fig. l, and adapted to be turned off and on by amanual switch 126 on the rear of the housing. Rear wall 32 of theprinting compartment has a centrally located window 127 of dark redtransparent material allowing sufficient illumination of plate 92 forrecognition of the characters on strip A through the viewing tube 42.

Operation of the machine will now be described. A film strip A, hearingletters or characters of the desired point sizers, is placed in themachine as heretofore described. Control 86 is set in a releasedposition. Crank 22 is then turned until the first letter or character ofthe desired line of type appears through the viewing tube 42. Controlknob 86 is then turned to the left to a locking position, such as shownin Fig. 5. This action through the mechanism 91, 103 and 98 causes thepressure plate 92 to snap down against the mask holding strip A flatlyagainst the strip B of sensitized material on which the characters areto be printed. At the same time rod 109 is released from depression bysleeve 113 and catch moves against the periphery of disk 35. Registeringknob 34 is then used to turn the sprocket 37 and disk 35 until the catch11%) seats in one of the disk notches 36. This positively locks thestrip A with the desired ima e a appearing in the frame of mask on plate92 and being observable by the operator through the viewing tube 42,along with the pertinent character point width data act. Control 86 isthen turned again in a counter-clockwise direction to a Print positioncausing switch to open the circuit to exposure lamp 123, causing theselected image a to be printed on the underlying paper B.

When the exposure lights have been on a sufiicient time to print theimage on the underlying paper control 86 is released removing thepressure from the button on switch 120 and the circuit is broken. StripB is then wound a sutficient distance for printing of the next characterin the following manner. As previously explained indicia an on the stripA adjacent each character indicates the printers point width of thecharacter. Observing this data on the character just printed, theoperator turns the point dial 64 clockwise about its axis the givennumber of points plus the desired point spacing between characters. For

example, assuming the letter H shown in Fig. 1 to have a thirty pointwidth and further assuming that it is desired to provide a five pointspace between the H and the next character, the dial would be turneduntil the line indicating thirty-five points thereon registered with themarker 84, roller 75 being seated in one of the notches 72. Knob 63 isthen turned in a' counterclockwise direction so as to turn spocket 50and pull the strip B therealong until the zero line on the dial appearsopposite the marker and the roller is again seated in the closest notch72. The strip B will accordingly have been moved thirty-five points orthe width of the letter plus the desired spacing and the paper is inposition for printing of the next character. Should the knob 63 beaccidentally turned so that the Zero line on the dial is passed, it maybe reversed to the proper place and the paper pulled taut by turningknob 48.

The characters are longitudinally spaced along the strip A and in theconstruction shown the distance between the lower edges of adjacentletters is equal to one-third the circumference of the cylinder ofsprocket 37. Accordingly disk 35 which rotates with sprocket 37 hasthree equally spaced notches 36. It follows that every character to beprinted is locked in the same position longitudinally on the machineprior to its printing so as to insure a true alignment of all charactersprinted on the strip B. Of course, allowance is made with respect tolocation of commas, quotation marks, etc., on the strip A, so that theywill be printed at the proper elevation in the line.

It might be broadly stated with reference to all characters thatthroughout the length of the strip the distance beween points, onadjacent characters, adapted to be printed on a straight line on thepaper are equal. This distance is divisible a whole number of times intothe distance around the periphery of the sprocket cylinder. This ratiois not in all instances exact as film strips of cellulose material aresubject to a certain percentage of shrinkage. The perforations in thestrip, however, are slightly larger than the sprocket teeth, as isnormal in film running, so that should the distance between saidcharacter points be slightly less than such a divisible distance, thefilm will be advanced sufliciently on the sprocket cylinder to move sucha distance as the sprocket disk 35 is moved between locking positions.In other words, as sprocket 37 is rotated one revolution the characterbearing strip will be advanced a whole number (three, in theconstruction shown) of times the distance between points on adjacentcharacters to be horizontally aligned on the printing paper strip B, andthis occurs in spite of the slight shrinkage that occurs in thedevelopment of the strip.

When the desired line of type of characters is completed the exposedportion of strip B is removed from compartment 54 and photographicallydeveloped by being subjected to chemical agents in the usual manner.

It is understood that suitable modifications may be made in thestructure as disclosed, provided such modifications come within thespirit and scope of the appended claims. Having now therefore fullyillustrated and described by invention, what I claim to be new anddesire to protect by Leters Patent is:

1. In a photographic type composing machine, a printing compartment, afilm strip bearing a row of alphabetical letters arranged top to bottomlongitudinally of the strip, said strip being carried by means forlongitudinally advancing the strip through the compartment, an elongatedsheet of printing paper extending through the compartment at rightangles to the film strip, exposure '0 means within the compartment forprinting the strip borne letters on the paper, means for longitudinallyadvancing the paper through the compartment for spacing the lettersprinted thereon, and means for adjusting said strip during itsadvancement so that all letters printed on the paper will be in properreading alignment longitudinally of the paper, said means comprisingarrangement of the letters on the film strip whereby the bottom edges ofthe letters to be in alignment are spaced equidistantly along the strip,said strip running over a film sprocket having a cylinder circumferenceof exactly one or more times the distance between said letter edges,said sprocket carrying catches in the same number as said times andequally spaced about a circle on the axis of the sprocket, and a latchon the machine adapted to engage each catch as it passes to lock thesprocket against further rotation, and means for rendering the latchinoperative.

2. In a photographic typographic composing machine, for printing aplurality of type characters in selected order on a strip of sensitizedprinting paper, a film strip arranged in crossing relation to said paperstrip and bearing a plurality of said characters, a winding mechanismfor moving said film strip relative to said paper whereby any selectedcharacter will lie at the point of crossing for printing upon the paper,adjustment means for said winding mechanism to insure a similar locationof each character relative to the longitudinal center line of theprinting paper, said means including a film sprocket associated with thewinding mechanism and over which said film strip runs, a disk associatedwith the sprocket to rotate therewith and having equally spaced catchreceiving openings about the periphery thereof, a locking mechanism forengaging said catches as they pass to lock the sprocket, and means forselectively withholding operation of the locking mechanism to allow freerotation of the sprocket.

3. In a photographic typographic composing machine, a printing platform,a film sprocket mounted for rotation adjacent said platform, anelongated strip of printing paper lying across said platform and havingperforated edges allowing the strip to be engaged by said sprocket to belongitudinally advanced across the platform as the sprocket is rotated,means for rotating the sprocket, said means including a manuallyrotatable control, a speed reduction gear mechanism connecting thecontrol to the sprocket whereby rotation of the control will etfectslower rotation of the sprocket, a point indicator means on the controlindicating the distance in printers points that the strip is advanced bythe sprocket as the control is operated, and said means including a pawland ratchet device for locking the control when the paper has movedexact point distances.

References (iited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS943,614 Blacklidge Dec. 14, 1909 1,237,239 Bunnell Aug. 14, 19171,259,355 Bunnell Mar. 12, 1918 1,798,109 Rankin Mar. 24, 1931 1,805,333Hunter May 12, 1931 1,968,287 Farina July 31, 1934 2,075,201 Jones Mar.30, 1937 2,077,490 Paris Apr. 20, 1937 2,084,450 Paris June 22, 19372,585,188 Taylor Feb. 12, 1952 FOREIGN PATENTS 343,935 Germany Nov. 11.1921

